How to avoid problems when teaching online

 

Covid-19 changes learning from on-ground to online. In teaching online, students must be independent and must prepare an atmosphere that emphasizes their responsibility for their own learning. Goal orientation is necessary to complete their work and collaborate with their peers and know how to use tools to catch information easily. Online learning requires the use of computers, so students must be taught basic computer skills to communicate with teachers and friends. 

These are some tips for enhancing online teaching:

• post a recording for the session
• open your camera during the session (eye contact)
• use videos for illustration and make them short 
• give instructions
• provide interactive activities (integrate educational games)
• use group communication (with the help of many applications and websites)

Steps that I would establish a businesslike classroom

 

A businesslike classroom refers to a learning environment in which the students and the teacher conduct themselves in ways that achieving specified learning goals takes priority over other concerns. 

Establishing a Businesslike classroom even starts before my meeting with the class. Instead of hoping, I will plan for a favorable beginning by preparing different types of learning activities, by going to the classroom and design it to best equip my needs along with conducting discipline rules and routines where students should have a background of some, and I will take the advantage of students attention afforded to me to know what kind of teacher I am and display the standards of the class.

Second, I need to know my students in order to better display withitness. Making conversation with each student, then taking information about his/her personality, noticing how each one acts and responds to several questions I have prepared. Thus I will be able to easily detect classroom events and take into consideration the important discipline problem first.

The third one to establish such a classroom is to be highly prepared. The more I put effort in a lesson or the whole subject, the more the students will be engaged. Such as a well organized syllabus at the beginning (can be presented as a video): will inform the students of all the ideas they are going to benefit from; the organization keeps their attention; I will use it as a point of focus for returning students to be on-task. 

Definitely, in order to have an active learning environment, I need to minimize transition time. I done that by integrating several strategies: Integrating technology to enhance student learning; saving time with intra-class grouping, where students are subdivided into individual task groups for a learning activity; Accommodation Students Who Complete Work at Different Time by preparing extra activity to be submitted next day, but who finished the first activity earlier can take advantage of and starts with homework, so they will remain on-task; saving time while distributing material and giving directions. 

By following the steps above I will get a comfortable, nonthreatening, and safe learning community where students are engaged, active learners, participating with rules and discipline and respect each other.

Philosophy of Education

 

Philosophy of education

The word philosophy comes from two Greek words: filo, which means love, and sophist means wisdom, then philosophy means love of wisdom. The philosophy of education examines the goals, forms, methods, and meaning of education. It is important to understand how philosophy and education are interrelated in order to become the most effective teacher you can be, you must understand your own beliefs while at the same time empathizing with others. Let's start to learn more about the known philosophies of education.

1- Essentialism: It advocates training the mind with what is essential. I n this philosophical school of thought the aim is to instill students with the essentials of academic knowledge enacting a back-to-basics approach. It teaches the basic skills or the fundamental Rs such as reading, writing, arithmetic, and right conduct. 

2- Perennialism: Perennial means lasting for many years. Perennialism is the belief that schools should teach ideas that are everlasting. The of education is to teach students to think rationally and develop minds that can think critically. The curriculum is a universal one, what teachers teach are lifted from classic and great books. The classroom is teacher-centered, with students engaged in Socratic dialogue or inquiry sessions to develop an understanding of history's most timeless concepts.

3- Progressivism: This is the idea that education comes from the experience of the child. It aims to develop learners into becoming enlightened and intelligent citizens. They use the curriculum that responds to students' needs and that relates to their personal lives and experience. The teachers employ experiential methods, and they believe that one learns by doing. 

4- Existentialism: It focuses on individual's freedom to choose their own purpose in life. The main concern of existentialists is to help students understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility for their thoughts, feelings, and actions. Students are given a wide variety of options from which to choose.

5- Behaviorism: It focuses on the acquisition of new behavior based on environmental conditions. Behaviorists are concerned with the modification and shaping of students' behavior by providing for a favorable environment since they believe that we are a product of our environment. Teachers teach the students to respond favorably to various stimuli in the environment.

6- Constructivism: It says that people construct their own understanding of the world through experiencing things and reflecting on those experiences. Constructivists aim to develop intrinsically motivated and independent learners equipped with learning skills for them to construct knowledge and make meaning of them. Students are taught how to learn, and teachers provide students with data or experiences that allow them to hypothesize, predict, manipulate, pose questions, research, and invent. 

 The four different kinds of knowledge are:

I. knowledge of content (knowing that): The teachers must not be poor in their base that they have to teach, so they should :

1. Have well known of the material
2. Teach what they understand
3. must know more than the basics
   
4. must know how the content is related to other topics

II. Pedagogical Knowledge ( knowing how): It is the way to deliver the idea. Each type of knowledge has a specific way to express with a particular content. So it is:

1. Ways to represent a topic
2.  Tends to make the information easy 
3. Based on students understanding, in which they will be able to apply it in the real world.

III. General Pedagogical Knowledge: Knowledge that shares between all teachers (teach in a general way, so every teacher should have). It is divided into instructional strategies and into the classroom management.

1. Instructional Strategies: The teacher needs to know and understand how to apply different ways of promoting learning like activities and strategies for running lesson smoothly.
2. Classroom Managment: The teacher needs to know how to create classroom management environment to promote learning like rules, monitor, how to react to misbehaviors, implement, plan,...

IV. Knowledge of learners and learning: 

1. The teacher does not teach content they teach students.
2. Adapt instruction to what the students already know
3. Promote discussion and questioning

Motivation and Learning

 

Motivation is the extent to which you make choices about (a) goals to pursue and (b) the effort you devote to that pursuit. We want our students to share our enthusiasm for our academic discipline and find courses so compelling that they willingly devote their hearts and minds to the learning process. As a teacher, we should provide opportunities for students to choose ways to learn at least occasionally will improve their motivation. Furthermore to work toward making the tasks more intrinsically motivating by tapping students' pre-existing interests through choices and only resorting to extrinsic rewards for things that are important but just not interesting. 

There are several different views of motivation. They do not necessarily conflict with each other but rather complement each other. 

1- Behaviourism:  it is known as the stimulus-response theory, where a particular stimulus provokes a particular response. Behaviourism lays emphasis on external rewards (grades, test scores, please the teacher,..)

2- Expectancy theory: motivation is a function of expectations and values. the learner is motivated by the anticipated benefit, the likelihood of achieving the benefit and the importance of the gain to the learner.

3- Needs theory: Lower order needs must be satisfied before higher-order ones, progress through the hierarchy from lower to higher fulfilments.

4- Self-perception: The value of pupils having influence over their learning, performance, and a sense of accomplishment, as well as receiving rich and constructive feedback, is emphasized by self-worth and self-esteem.

5- Learned helplessness: Learned helplessness is linked to a lack of control over one's learning; it happens when we believe there is no answer we can make to a circumstance that will affect the outcome, even though we put forward our best effort.

6- Social theory: In social theories of learning, cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences constantly interact to foster motivation and learning, not least because students model their learning after observing other students.

EDUCE561 Class (Reflection about the course)

  This course is really effective and useful in the learning process especially nowadays . Most of the schools and university are following online learning and such  useful items(google form, google doc, excel, Microsoft word...) and apps (poll everywhere, wall word..) engage students in the learning process and avoid boring activities and engaged students in the learning process. I wish  I would have enough  time to  apply them directly in the learning process. It is really an applicable and useful course.

Google Drive:


 In the google drive, we can do many things like:
 - share

-Comments

-Edit

-Change Setting

    All things will be saved in the cloud, it will never be lost. In addition, you do not need to upload, and you can access it anytime you want. the files that were found in the drive can be reached from any smartphone, tablet, and computer.

2- Google Forms:



     Is a free tool from the google drive that allows you to make quizzes, surveys,... And you will be able to change the color and view it to how the answer could like. Also, you can organize your form by adding Header( Topic, Name, Date,..). In addition, students after finishing the exam will be able to see their marks and the teachers feedback and teacher can see the responses by graphs (where students do well and where not).

3- Webinars:


it's a seminar, a presentation that was presented online. Usually, it was done by audio with slides.    and the participants can participate and interact at the same time as it's in normal classes

4- Blogs:



Is used to update personal journals " online", posts, pages, articles. You can add and comment others.

5-Padlet:

We use padlet for :

1. sharing collaborating learning
2. Brainstorm ideas from a class
3. Sharing infromation to an audience

It is important to the classroom environment, and it could work as an individuals or class. The teacher can ask students questions or ask them to share their idea about something else (e.g. write something about teachers' day, mothers' day, how can this course help you?...). So, it is useful because all people can communicate to one another and sharing their ideas which enhance the cooperation between students.

Integrating Technology into Teaching

 

Technology is essential in todays teaching. Technology integrates our world widely. Since three years  ago, technology intrudes our world widely. Some educators used it aimlessly. Successful technology integration is more than just getting the tools into the classroom. When technology integrates the classroom, it must encourage students -centered project -based learning. Teachers must think about how they are using it with them. Are they employing technology daily in classroom, using a variety of tools to complete assignments and create projects that show a deep understanding of content or they use it to entertain themselves. With respect to me it is useful to integrate technology with teaching to facilitate the learning process and engaged students more, but the teacher must

control the usage of the technology in the learning process.